Peran Peer Attachment terhadap Student Engagement untuk Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Siswa: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik
The Role of Peer Attachment in Student Engagement to Enhance Student Success: A Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47709/educendikia.v6i02.8922Keywords:
Peer Attachment, student engagement, keberhasilan siswa, Relasi Teman SebayaAbstract
Student engagement is a key factor in educational success. It drives classroom participation, fosters emotional connections, and promotes cognitive involvement in the learning process. Peer attachment helps sustain student engagement by providing a sense of security, acceptance, and support during learning. This study examines the role of peer attachment in student engagement, viewing it as a psychosocial pathway to enhancing student success. A systematic literature review was conducted using the SPIDER framework and PRISMA 2020 reporting principles. Literature was sourced from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, SpringerLink, Sage Journals, ProQuest, and other relevant academic databases, using keywords such as peer attachment, peer support, peer relationship, student engagement, school engagement, and learning engagement. Out of 50 initial articles, 13 met the inclusion criteria for thematic synthesis, while a seminal article on the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment was retained as a conceptual reference. The findings indicate that peer attachment supports student engagement through three mechanisms: emotional security, open peer communication, and low levels of alienation. Trust and communication with peers help students feel accepted, share academic challenges, persist with learning tasks, and participate more actively in class. Conversely, alienation can weaken students' emotional and behavioral connections to the school. These findings underscore the role of peer attachment—through both the quality of peer relationships and personal factors—in supporting student success. Schools should foster a safe, supportive, and academically oriented peer climate while addressing social alienation among students, thereby creating a learning environment that facilitates an enjoyable educational experience.
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