Strategi Guru Kelas Mengembangkan Kematangan Sosial Peserta Didik Berkebutuhan Khusus di Sekolah Inklusi Peusangan
Classroom Teacher Strategies for Developing the Social Maturity of Students with Special Needs at Peusangan Inclusive School
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47709/educendikia.v6i02.9293Keywords:
Akomodasi Keberagaman, Kematangan Sosial, Kolaborasi Professional, Pendidikan Inklusif, Peserta Didik Berkebutuhan KhususAbstract
Inclusive education cannot be measured solely by the physical presence of students with special needs (PDBK) in regular classrooms; rather, it must be gauged by the depth of their social participation. These students often face barriers to interpersonal interaction and low levels of social participation. However, general classroom teachers are expected to foster social maturity, even though many schools lack specialized support teachers (GPK) or subject-matter experts. This study analyzes the strategies classroom teachers use to develop social maturity among students with special needs at SD Negeri 3 Percontohan Peusangan, using a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design. Nine informants participated: a school principal, two classroom teachers, three parents, and three students with special needs (presenting with ADHD, autism, and comorbid autism-ADHD). Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, and subsequently analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. Classroom teachers implemented three primary strategies: accommodating diversity by rejecting internal segregation; leveraging resources through peer tutoring and tiered training for generalist teachers; and fostering professional collaboration via Cooperative Learning and peer support groups. These strategies enabled all students with special needs to achieve a "sufficient" level of social maturity (scores of 17–18) without the assistance of specialized support teachers or experts. The social maturity of students with special needs can be accelerated through the managerial creativity and job enrichment of generalist teachers within an "Organic Peer Support System" model, without absolute reliance on specialists. Strengthening written Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and formal partnerships with parents is recommended to ensure the continuity of social interventions at home.
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