Pengaruh Kebijakan Tarif dan Non-Tarif terhadap Ekspor Minyak Kelapa Sawit Indonesia

Cintya Putri Ramadhani; Eva Ervani

doi:10.47709/jebma.v5i2.6264

Authors

Cintya Putri Ramadhani Program Studi Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Padjadjaran
Eva Ervani Program Studi Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Padjadjaran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47709/jebma.v5i2.6264

Keywords:

ekspor, minyak kelapa sawit, SPS, tarif, TBT

Abstract

Minyak kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan Indonesia yang menghadapi berbagai hambatan dalam perdagangan internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tarif, sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS), technical barriers to trade (TBT), produk domestik bruto, jarak ekonomi, populasi, dan harga terhadap nilai ekspor minyak kelapa sawit Indonesia (HS 1511) ke 51 negara tujuan selama periode 2014–2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan model gravitasi dengan pendekatan regresi data panel yang diestimasi melalui metode Generalized Least Squares (GLS). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel dalam model berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor. Tarif, SPS, dan jarak ekonomi memiliki pengaruh negatif, sementara TBT, PDB, populasi, dan harga internasional berpengaruh positif. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa ekspor kelapa sawit Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan dagang, karakteristik pasar, serta hambatan struktural antarnegara.

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